Looking Back at Rodney King and the L.A. Riots

Looking Back at Rodney King and the L.A. Riots Rodney King became a household name after images surfaced of him taking a life-threatening beating by four white police officers from the Los Angeles police department in 1992. After the four police officers were acquitted by a jury,  a violent uprising  broke out in Los Angeles, lasting over five days, and leaving more than 50 people dead and thousands injured. A Brutal beating On March 3, 1991, 25-year-old Rodney King was leaving an event by car with his friends when a police car on his tail motivated him to attempt to flee at 100 miles per hour. According to Kings account, he kept driving instead of pulling over because he was violating the terms of his parole- from a prior robbery- by drinking and he wanted to avoid trouble with the police. Instead, he kept driving and triggered a high-speed chase that ended when he pulled over. As King stepped out of the vehicle with his hands up police instructed him to get on the ground and they began beating him with their batons. Between four officers, King was struck at least 50 times and received at least 11 fractures. Nearly beaten to death, King was rushed to the nearest hospital where doctors operated on him for five hours.  Ã‚   Thankfully for King, a bystander named George Holiday had been overlooking the balcony during the brutal beating and recorded  the incident. The next day, Holiday took the footage to the local television station. The outrage and backlash from the officers actions was so significant that Rodney King was released from the hospital four days later  with no official charges filed against him. Conviction On March 15, 1991, Sergeant Stacey Koon and officers Laurence Michael Powell, Timothy Wind, and Theodore Briseno were indicted by a Los Angeles grand jury in connection with the beating. A little more than two months later, the grand jury decided not to indict the 17 officers who were there at the time of King’s beating but did nothing. The four officers accused of beating King were acquitted on April 29,1992. A violent uprising  began in South Central Los Angeles. An truck driver, uninvolved in King’s case, was beaten and the footage was caught on videotape by a passing helicopter. The mayor declared a state of emergency and the governor made a request for the National Guard to assist law enforcement officials. During that time 1,100 Marines, 600 Army soldiers, and 6,500 National Guard troops patrolled the streets of Los Angeles. Heartbroken and feeling responsible for the surrounding chaos, Rodney King, fighting back tears, made a public statement and recited the following famous lines: People, I just want to say, can we all get along?† on May 1, 1992. Small Victories The nation waited in fear of future riots as the trial for the four officers began. Less than two months later, two of the officers- Koon and Powell- were found guilty by a federal jury for having violated King’s civil rights. According to  news  reports, â€Å"U.S. District Court Judge John Davies sentences both Sergeant Stacey Koon and Officer Laurence Powell to 30 months in prison for violating Kings civil rights. Powell is found guilty of violating Kings constitutional right to be free from an arrest made with ‘unreasonable force.’ Ranking officer Koon is convicted of permitting the civil rights violation to occur.† Sadly for King, struggles with alcoholism and drug use led to further negative interactions with the law. In 2004,  was arrested after a domestic dispute and later plead guilty to driving under the influence. In  2007  he was found drunk with non-threatening gunshot wounds. In recent years, Rodney King has given several personal interviews including with CNN and Oprah.  On June 18, 2012, his fiancee Cynthia Kelley, a juror in his trial many years prior, found him at the bottom of his swimming pool. He was pronounced  dead  at the hospital. A Catalyst for Change Rodney Kings horrific experience with the Los Angeles Police Department was horrific helped to illuminate some of the myriad problems with police brutality. Images of the beating and the uprising  that followed live on in infamy as a symbol of the troubled relationship between police and the Black community.

Acing your behavioral job interview

Acing your behavioral job interview If you’ve been on the job hunt for a while, you’ve probably been exposed to a wide variety of interview styles and scenarios, all designed to try and get the most accurate reflection of what you’d be like as a potential employee and gauge your value if hired. And chances are you’ve been exposed to- in one form or another- a type of approach known as the behavioral interview. So, what exactly is a behavioral interview, and how does it differ from other types of interviewing approaches? True to its name, a behavioral interview aims to find out how you responded to different types of work situations in the past. Instead of asking you about yourself, interviewers will ask how you tackled specific scenarios, both stressful and not. The point is to see if your personality and skillset within a work environment matches who they hope to hire for their open position.The truth is, a behavioral interview will look and feel much like any other traditional interview yo u’ve been on, with the key difference being the types of questions you’ll be asked during the process.A recent post on The Balance highlights some of the typical questions you might encounter while on a behavioral interview:â€Å"Behavioral interview questions will be more pointed, more probing and more specific than traditional interview questions:Give an example of an occasion when you used logic to solve a problem.Give an example of a goal you reached and tell me how you achieved it.Describe a decision you made that was unpopular and how you handled implementing it.Have you gone above and beyond the call of duty? If so, how?What do you do when your schedule is interrupted? Give an example of how you handle it.Have you had to convince a team to work on a project they weren’t thrilled about? How did you do it?Have you handled a difficult situation with a co-worker? How?Tell me about how you worked effectively under pressure.Follow-up questions will also be det ailed. You may be asked what you did, what you said, how you reacted or how you felt during the situation you shared with the hiring manager.†So, now that you have a good handle on what a behavioral interview is and how to recognize when you’re in the middle of one, what’s the best way to approach and handle it?The first step is to realize that you won’t know when you’re on a behavioral interview until you’re in the middle of one- unless you can predict the future, you won’t be alerted in advance to the types of questions you’ll be asked. Therefore, when prepping for an interview you should prep for every possible scenario, question, and contingency.That said, there are some proven strategies for effectively tackling behavioral questions and setting yourself up for a successful interview. Consider the following tips to make a strong and lasting impression on your next interview.Do your homework.When preparing for an interview- w hether behavioral or traditional or something else altogether- make sure you thoroughly research the company and job description provided and search for helpful cues regarding things the company may value and the attributes they are likely looking for in an ideal candidate. Try and get a good sense of what the company’s culture and mission is- all of these elements will help you gauge what sorts of questions you might encounter and the sorts of answers hiring managers and company representatives will likely be looking for.What types of problems normally come up in the industry you hope to join? How have you handled situations in the past in an impressive way in order to tackle these problems? How do your actions and reactions to work issues in the past show that you are well-suited for the open position? Have these answers ready to go.Be prepared to tell your story.When you’re in a behavioral interview, be prepared to â€Å"tell your story†- these should be hone st and favorable expressions of how past experiences in your life have shaped your ways of thinking and modes of behavior, making you the capable and effective professional you are today. According to Ladders, your stories should be specific, and should always include the following three parts: a description of a specific, real-life situation or challenge you encountered, a description of the specific tasks and actions you took to overcome that challenge, and a  summary of the results of those actions.If handled correctly, including stories in your responses that demonstrate instances of how you successfully solved problems or displayed exemplary behavior will always make you look good.Address past behaviors in an orderly way.The Balance advocates using the following four-step technique for answering questions about past behaviors at work, which they refer to as the STAR interview response technique:Situation.  Describe the situation or set the scene. Explain the place you were working for or the task you were given. Paint a clear picture of what went on so you can then elaborate on how your stellar skills saved the day.Task.  Describe the issue or problem you were confronted with. Make this as clear as possible- don’t get too bogged down in details. Prepare 1-2 sentences to explain the task at hand.Action.  Describe the action you took to intervene in the situation or solve the problem. This should introduce the key asset you would like to illustrate. Here is where you pull key words from the job posting. What skills are the hiring manager looking for? How you can demonstrate that you possess those skills in your answer?Results.  Describe the results  your action generated. Explain how you helped solve the problem or improve the company in some way.Okay job hunters, take advantage of the strategies and tips provided here and you’ll be ready to handle even the toughest behavioral interview that you might come across. The key, as it is most of the time with interviews, is to enter prepared and confident. Now that you know what to expect, start prepping!

Modern management techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Modern management techniques - Essay Example It is noteworthy that construction as a process consists of a wide range of activities including building and infrastructure assembling. Examples of activities in the construction industry include residential construction, bridge erection, roadway paving, large-scale painting jobs, and demolitions. The management of the construction industry comprises of project manager among other personnel. The project manager ensures that there is smooth operation in the industry. Conversely, the construction manager and design engineer who assumes the role of a supervisor assists the manager. Construction is a hazardous involvement and construction workers are thus, exposed to hazards while delivering their services. These hazards include unguarded machinery, electrocutions, falling from rooftops, and acquisition of injuries from construction equipments. Therefore, the employers and workers need to work towards reducing these hazards. In order to achieve this, the identification, reduction, and hazard elimination is essential. Management, therefore, should work towards reducing these hazards, and failure to accomplish will lead to failure to accomplish organizational goals and objectives as described by Emre (2007, p.200). Effective and successful execution of activities industry achieved by putting in place effective planning, budgeting, scheduling, and ensuring safety in the construction site. Construction as a technical and complex process requires specialization, the four fields of construction that is; industrial construction, heavy, civil construction, residential building construction and commercial building construction require that the industry employ specialist in each field. Each of these construction projects should put in place a unique team, design, construction, and project maintenance with an effort of ensuring success in the industry. Technological changes in the modern society have profoundly

English Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

English - Assignment Example My motivation to study English law as my major evolves from different factors. First, as a lawyer, I would manage to assist other people attain justice within the English law system, and have the opportunity to do my best since I love working under lots of pressure. For a long time, most of the court cases require superb track of record in successfully handled cases, and despite my little experience, I believe that such records are attained by lawyers who engage in intense research and lots of accuracy and attention to detail. I also trusted my confidence and strong communication skills since most situations that had to deal with always demonstrated a material difference. For instance, I contributed immensely to the success of a mock local campaign that involved verbal and written evidence in a situation that required compensation of Australian Aboriginals for the oppressions received from white colonialists. A good boss must contribute to social change, be influential, and sensitive to and flexible in the ever changing business environment. Being influential means getting their followers to not only accept, but also respond to their persuasion through wanting to do what should needs to be done. Good leaders are thus great communicators using visionary ideas that impact a strong imprint of ideology on their followers. Sensitivity to changing business environments facilitates the identification of new trends, develop strategies to improve, and flexibly develop fresh knowledge and systems to handle arising changes. Such bosses also encourage others to adopt rules, roles, and norms that propel responsiveness to change through strong decision and problem-solving strategies. Good bosses also promote social change by ensuring that their employees assist each other to attain a common mission and goal. In most instances, the poor in the society who end up in court cases with wealthy people tend to lose. However, the as a defense lawyer in such cases, know

“Examine the reasons for changes in the patterns of marriage, divorce and cohabitation over the past 40 years.” Essay Example for Free

â€Å"Examine the reasons for changes in the patterns of marriage, divorce and cohabitation over the past 40 years.† Essay The patterns of marriage, divorce and cohabitation over the past 40 years has varied quite significantly. In 1972, the highest ever number of couples (480,000) since the Second World War got married. Now, obviously there is a reason for this. According to the Office for National Statistics (ONS), this was due to the baby boom generation of the 1950s reaching marriageable age and these people choosing to marry at a younger age compared with previous generations. However, after this period, the number of marriages in England and Wales then went into decline. Most recently, marriages reached an all-time low in 2005 when only 244,710 couples got married. Some people would say that it reached so low because people are rejecting marriage and are no longer bothered about it. But in fact, statistics reveal that many people are actually delaying marriage. It is said that most people will marry at some point in their lives, but people are deciding to marry later in life, most likely after a period of cohabitation. A reason for this is probably because couples want to â€Å"Test the water† before they make any commitments. Evidence to support the â€Å"marrying later in life† view is that the average age for first-time bridges in 2003 was 29 years and for all grooms 31 years, compared with 22 for women and 24 for men in 1971. In particular women may want to delay marriage so they can advance their career prospects. As well as a decline in the total number of marriages, there is also a decline in marriage rates (the number of people marrying per 1000 of the population aged 16 and over). In 1994, the marriage rate was 11.4 but this had declined to 10.3 by 2004. The male rate declined from 36.3 in 1994 to 27.8 in 2004 whilst the female rate declined from 30.6 to 24.6. Once again, even though there is a decline, British Social Attitude Surveys indicate that most people, whether single, divorced or cohabitating, still see marriage as a desirable life-goal, and therefore will most likely will get married at some point in the future, particularly if they are having children, because they believe that this is best done in the context of marriage. Another change in the patterns of marriage is that two fifths of all marriages are remarriages, in which one or both partners have been divorced. These people are obviously committed to the institution of marriage despite their previous negative experience of it. The reason for this trend could possibly because their first marriages were empty-shell marriages. This is where there is no love or intimacy between them, but the marriage persists for the sake of the children until they are old enough. They then might have wanted to start a new life, including a re-marriage. Despite the decrease in the overall number of people marrying, married couples are still the main type of partnership for men and women in the UK. In 2005, seven in ten families were headed by a married couple. In terms of Divorce – the legal ending of a marriage, this has increased rapidly since 1969 due to a piece of legislation that granted divorce on the basis of â€Å"irretrievable breakdown† – the Divorce Reform Act of 1969. In addition, since 1984, couples have been able to petition for divorce after the first anniversary of their marriage. This law made the Divorce rate shoot high because it generally made it easier and cheaper to end marriages. In addition, people were finally able to legally to end all connections, as previously when divorce was either too expensive or difficult to obtain, separation was very common, which was when a couple decided to live away from each other. To go into more detail of the trend of increased divorces, in 1993, the number of divorces peaked at 180,000. By 2000, this figure had fallen to 154,000, although the years 2001 – 2004 have seen a gradual rise to 167,100. There are now nearly half as many divorces as marriages and, if present trends continue, about 40% of current marriages will end in divorce. An acceptable reason for this increasing trend of divorce is that it is no longer associated with stigma and shame. Britain’s culture is based upon Christian religion, and Christians believe that marriage is for life (‘till death do us part’). However, over years, changes in attitudes and secularisation have emerged, and the view that divorce can lead to greater happiness for the individual is more acceptable. A third reason which could explain the increasing divorce rates is down to women wanting to improve educational and career opportunities. In 1870, the Education Act passed by Gladstone’s government meant that every child between the ages of five and fifteen had the opportunity for elementary education. Not only did this produce a large literate generation of people, but it also improved the girls reading and writing ability, which previously was much lower than boys. Now, women have their own stable careers with a good wage, and thus do not have to be unhappily married because they are financially dependent on their husband. Feminists note that women’s expectations of marriage have radically changed, compared with previous generations. In the 1990s, most divorce petitions were put forward by women. This may support Thornes and Collard’s (1979) view that women expect far more from marriage than men and, in particular, that they value friendship and emotional gratification more than then do. If husbands fail to love up to these expectations, women may feel the need to look elsewhere. This would also support the fact that, on average, the number of divorce proceedings started by women is about 70%. Finally, functionalist sociologists argue that high divorce rates are evidence that marriage is increasingly valued and that people are demanding higher standards from their partners. They believe that couples are no longer prepared to put up with unhappy, empty-shell marriages, as people want emotional and sexual compatibility and equality, as well as companionship. It is said that some are even willing to go through a number of partners to achieve these goals, and if they marry every time they meet a new partner, then obviously they are going to contribute a lot more to the rising divorce rates. The final area of the diverse family is cohabitation. The basic trend of cohabitation is that it is on the increase and has been for the last decade. The proportion of non-married people cohabiting has risen sharply in the last 20 years from 11% of men and 13% of women in 1986 to 24% and 25% respectively. In 2007, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) suggested that cohabiting couples are the fastest growing family type in the UK. In fact, around 2.2 million families are cohabiting couples with or without children. This family type has grown by 65% since 1997, and really, the numbers are likely to be higher than this because the ONS data did not include same-sex couples living together. In addition, the ONS data suggested that a third of teenagers in 2007 were destined to cohabit rather than marry, compared with one in ten of their grandparents. As we gathered that the general trend is on the increase, it’s good to know the reasons why. One of the first reasons, which I mentioned earlier on, is that people like to cohabit to â€Å"test the water.† During this period, they will assess whether they (the couple) are compatible with each other and whether they will be able to live with each other before making any sort of commitments. After all, cohabitation on average lasts for 5 years, which then 60% of cohabitees will then marry. Another reason for the said trend is that there are a significant number of people who live together whilst waiting for a divorce. For example, in 2005, 23% of cohabiting men were separated from a pervious partner whilst 36% were divorced. So although a person may be married, they may have separated and moved into another house to live with a person they have met. They will then be counted as a cohabitee. A third reason for the increased rate of cohabitation could be because people are put off the cost of marriage. According to Wedding Guide UK, the average cost of a traditional wedding in the UK is around  £11,000. In addition to the price, some people are also put off because of the religious ceremony of marriage. This is because overtime we have become a more secular society. Both of these factors to some people will refrain them from marrying, because in their eyes they see it as long as they are with each other in a happy and loving relationship, they don’t need a ring or a piece of paper with their names on it.

Gangs of New York History vs. Hollywood Essay -- essays research paper

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The movie begins in New York, in 1843, with a gang fight. Bill â€Å"the butcher† Cutting’s gang of â€Å"nativists† have challenged the â€Å"dead rabbits† (a gang of mostly Irish immigrants) to a fight to settle once and for all who is the most powerful gang in the area. After an intense battle the â€Å"nativists† win by killing the leader of the â€Å"dead rabbits†, also Amsterdam’s (the main character’s) father.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Amsterdam is then led into an orphanage where he grows to be a man, all while Bill Cutting runs the Five Points, and most of New York. The Five Points is a district of New York City and obviously the most corrupt. Crime is all to common, and sickness runs rampant in the area.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although very underdeveloped, Amsterdam has sworn to revenge his father’s death and kill Bill â€Å"the Butcher.† When Amsterdam leaves he immediately sets his plan in motion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  He begins by getting on Cutting’s good side, and eventually becoming somewhat of an apprentice to the crime lord. During this time Amsterdam learns the ways of corruption. To keep above the law Bill Cutting becomes partners with William Tweed, arguably the most corrupt politician of all time. Bill gives Tweed the Irish immigrant vote, and Boss Tweed keeps Cutting â€Å"high and dry.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Two subplots develop in the movie also.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, a love story, between Amsterdam and Jenny Everdeane. A pickpocket by trade Jenny first steals Amsterdam’s necklace. Because the necklace has much sentimental value, he tracks her down and gets it back, he also gets the girl.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Second, the Draft Riots of 1863. The riots began because of the draft, instated because of the Civil War. The public was furious that you could buy your way out for 300 dollars. Also because of the corruption surrounding the draft. It was easy to get sucked into the draft if you were poor or underprivileged and it was easy to get out of the draft if you were wealthy (you could buy your way out for 300 dollars.)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the end Amsterdam reinvents the â€Å"dead rabbits† and schedules a fight with the â€Å"nativists† once again. It just so happens that the day they schedule the fight is the day the Draft Riots begin. The Union Army marches on the city and the Union ... ...citizens, only one was reported as being stabbed.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The film also shows East Asian people living in the Five Points. The Chinese didn’t begin moving to the U.S. until the transcontinental railroad, in the 1890’s.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finally, the Union Navy was ported in New York but never fired a round, as in the movie. Also, the Five Points were not the epicenter of the riots, in fact they were the opposite. William Tweed worked diligently to keep the peace in the area, and only three counts of murder and looting were reported over the four days the riots took place.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I can only hope that this movie inspires viewers to discover the actual history. It’s extremely interesting stuff. The gangs of the Five Points established the model for the alliance of Irishmen, Jews, and Italians who created the more commonly known mobs during the 1920’s and prohibition. A path was established between the Dead Rabbits, the Plug Uglies, the Bowery B’hoys that continues today with the Latin Kings, the Crips, and the Bloods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The true tale is a gruesome part of history, but an essential part none the less.

Compare the 1st and 2nd Great Awakening Essay

There are many factors that triggered the religious revivals known as the Great Awakenings. These awakenings encouraged citizens to partake in religious ceremonies and activities. Some agreed and joined the bandwagon, some refused. The awakenings had aspects that resulted in great long term benefits in government, education, and society. During the 1730s it was apparent that most colonies had established their own religions. Some strict churches preached that we are all sinful and that only a faithful few would be saved. The increase in production and manufacturing of goods increased colonial wealth, but led most colonists astray from their religion and influenced their temptation to live less godly lives. That is when the Great Awakening began. The Great Awakening was a Protestant religious revival movement that taught â€Å"rebirth† and that God was forgiving. Churches became amplified, preaching the need to become a new and better person of faith, which was said to be the ultimate religious experience. Preachers said that followers should accept that they are sinners and ask for salvation. Many religious men contributed to the Great Awakening. Two of the religious men were George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards. Whitefield was a young Anglican preacher, everywhere he went he brought an ample amount of people and converted them. Whitefield claimed that God was lenient and forgiving, rather than telling people they were all going to hell because they were sinners. Edwards was the beginning of the revival, he emphasized the power of an extant and intimate religious experience. Like Whitefield, Edwards attracted large crowds with his powerful sermons. The Awakening was divided into two major groups called the â€Å"Old Lights† and the â€Å"New Lights.† The â€Å"New Lights† were one of the religious groups that grew as a result of the Great Awakening, they were Baptist. The â€Å"Old Lights† challenged authority and hierarchy and were a make-up of Congregationalists and Anglicans. With these new groups came religious diversity, but helped colonists become more aware of life beyond their town or church. In the 1790s, during a great migration west, the Second Great Awakening began. This revival saw converts in the thousands. It sparked numerous reform and social movements, as Christians began working to perfect society and bring fair treatment for all. One of the major influential religious leaders was Charles Finney. Finney was known as â€Å"The Father of Modern Revivalism,† he made significant innovations in preaching and religious meetings. Finney tended to be very outspoken and a hardcore criticizer of other Christian teachings. Another influential religious leader was James McGready. McGready became significant in sparking the Second Great Awakening. He hosted loose organized church meetings called frontier camps, which were meetings where preachers delivered informal sermons to large congregations. There was a major site where the largest Protestant revival movements happened, it was called Cane Ridge. At the Cane Ridge Revival a Presbyterian preacher named Barton Stone led the conferences. Stone wasn’t always the only speaker, at any given time 3 or 4 preachers would be delivering sermons. Also men weren’t the only ones that could participate in the Second Great Awakening revival. Due to women’s’ complete exclusion from politics, women jumped at the chance to participate in Christian work. Women became exceedingly important in the spreading of the religious teachings. Some other effects of the Second Great Awakening would include Crusaders fighting for women’s rights, abolition of slavery, temperance, education reform, etc. Although these two religious revivals seemed virtually the same, there are many key differences between the two Great Awakenings. One major difference would be the fact that the Second Great Awakening influenced social reform. Crusaders, who were just citizens, fought for the rights of not only women, but rights for blacks too in the Second Great Awakening. The first Great Awakening influenced more of a personal reform for ones’ self. Allowing colonists to see that there was light beyond their darkness. One similarity the two shared would be the emphasis of morality and religious teachings. Another difference would be that George Whitefield, a significant leader from the very first Great Awakening, tried to prevent slaves from attending religious teachings, while the Crusaders, a group of rebels fighting for social reform for women and slaves, wanted to include slaves and women in not only the religious ceremonies, but introduce them more in society also. One more similarity they shared was the influence of new Protestant based divisions including: Mormons, Seventh-Day Adventists, Presbyterianism, Methodism, and more. Both of the Great Awakenings were influential in many different ways, but the Second Great Awakening provided more diversity within society. The Second Great Awakening made people question government and society and inspired groups like the Crusaders to fight for peoples’ rights. The Crusaders fought deeply for the rights of enslaved black men and women and white women. They also fought for temperance and education reform. Alcohol became a major problem in the 1800s. People were getting drunk and wreaking havoc in the streets and causing disruption. That’s when the Temperance Movement began, the goal of this movement was to teach the evils of drinking, and ultimately get rid of drinking or limit it, but that all depended on the government and if the citizens would choose not to drink. In conclusion the historical legacy of these two movements paved the way for open-minded thinking and multiple reforms that shaped the way the nation is now. From the blacks being able to mingle with the whites, to the women of our nation being able to vote and drive. The Great Awakening left different footprints on all of the colonial religions and divisions. Its legacy was an urgent concern with individual salvation and faith, defining religious beliefs for oneself rather than accepting them from government authorities, selecting a minister for his charisma and preaching style rather than for his wealth and social status, and accepting those who shared a similar style and concerns no matter what the religion. Women became more influential in many congregations which believed that, if females were converted, they would lead their children and husbands to salvation. Responsibility for multiple congregations became more common among the smaller congregations that resulted from the divisions in churches. Both the Old and New persuasions formed intercolonial and interdenominational networks that helped to break down brutality and confinement, and prepared Americans for accepting the religious diversity that was on the horizon.

George Herbert: Shaped Poems Essay

George Herbert’s style in his collection of religious poetry, The Temple, is very short, clear, concise, and gets to the point. Different from John Donne, Herbert structures his poetry around biblical metaphors and his struggle to define his relationship with God. Herbert places himself in church through many poems that are styled in an architectural form, however his emphasis is always on the soul’s inner construction. Rather than voice his fears about being saved by God or sinning as Donne had, Herbert faces his fearful behavior by focusing on his relationship with Christ. In order to do this, Herbert focuses on architectural motifs and how one’s soul is constructed to become a better person. Since Herbert is a metaphysical and religious poet, his poetry always ends with a metaphysical conceit. A metaphysical conceit is an extended metaphor that structures the entire poem. Usually, these metaphors deal with spirituality, intellectual ideas, and are supposed to teach one to be a good, or better Christian (Miller). The metaphysical conceit is one way in which a poem is structured, formed, or as Herbert writes, is used as an architectural form. In each of his poems, Herbert has a conceit that sums up the poetry. In other words, it serves a moral and we, the readers are taught a lesson. Another way architectural structure takes place in poetry is by the use of figurative language. For example, Herbert’s poetry is written with metaphors, similes, and his poetry is usually wrapped around the AABB and ABAB rhyme scheme. We see the use of these rhyme schemes in The Altar and Easter Wings. Architectural imagery takes place in a number of Herbert’s poetry. In The Temple, the opening poem is titled The Altar and the very shape of the poem suggests an altar of worship. The poems structure is in an AABB rhyme scheme and has many metaphors. In Lines 1-4, Herbert announces in his poem his intention to build an altar to the Lord. He states â€Å"†¦ Made of heart, and cemented with tears/As the hand thy framed; No workman’s tool hath touched the same†(1-5). This very quote gives the reference to building a relationship with God and it is given away in the poem that the altar is actually the human heart. This here is an example of the metaphysical conceit. He is using the broken altar as a metaphor for the heart and how one should sacrifice and offer himself to the lord. The altar Herbert is making to God in this poem is also made of â€Å"broken† material, not actually out of stone, but it is â€Å"Made of a heart, and cemented with tears†(2). Here, Herbert is building a sacrifice that is pleasing before God-an altar made of broken material, but the brokenness is from the soul, and the altar and offerings are of himself. We know this because he uses the first person narrative in lines 14-16. Herbert writes: â€Å"That, if I chance to hold my peace, these stones to praise thee may not cease. Oh let thy sacrifice be mine, and sanctify this altar to be thine† (14-16). His poem speaks about the internal emotions he has with God. He is comparing his cold, empty heart to a cold, hard stone. Herbert writes: â€Å"A heart alone is such a stone, as nothing but thy power doth cut†(5-8). This quote may suggest the cold and empty feeling he has because of God’s absence. He wants his heart to praise God, but feels like he cannot because he has to be part of a sacrifice as he states in lines 15-16. â€Å"Oh let thy blessed sacrifice be mine, and sanctify this altar to be thine†(15-16). Only by sacrificing his broken self will God accept and help him. However, The Altar is not the only poem in which architectural styles occur. Easter Wings, also takes on the metaphysical conceit and exhibition of architectural styles. Herbert’s poetry is meant to teach people to be good Christians, and by constructing the poem around biblical metaphors, the message is received. The point of having these biblical metaphors is to gain knowledge and define the relationship with God through Herbert’s eyes. In Easter Wings, Herbert structures his poem in the shaped verse. The four stanzas are shaped in two sets of angel wings. In terms of rhyme scheme, Herbert uses ababacdcdc in both stanzas. Each stanza represents a different relationship between God and man. Herbert’s poem deals with man’s suffering as the result of his sins and his repentance to God through the end of the poem. The poem starts with the idea that when God created man, man was given what is necessary to survive: â€Å"Lord, who createdst man in wealth and store† (1) God created man with an abundance and wealth of items needed to survive in this world, but man takes God’s gifts for granted ends up losing what was given to him. The greed that man had leads to the falling of man until the wealth given to him by God is nearly gone: â€Å"Decaying more and more, / Till he became / Most poor:† (3-5). Here, the structure of the poem is set up with man having all he needs, but by being greedy, he has fallen. This particular poem is amazing it terms of how it addresses the journey of man from his sin to God redeeming him. Each stanza discusses man’s self-destruction and how God eventually helps him. The language of loss and faith comes to play when God comes in. The poem is structured in a way that it starts with man having the most of things and goes to least of things when man sins and loses. For example, the second stanza moves from discussing man’s falling and focuses on man’s redemption through God. Herbert writes, â€Å"With thee / O let me rise / As larks, harmoniously,†(7-8). In these lines, man is giving himself to God and hopes that God will allow him to have what he had before: the items needed to survive. Similarly, by stanza three and four, we see the repeated pattern of man’s sin and the road to redemption from God. In a way, the structure of the poem is set up so that the reader realizes that the poem uses the ascending to descending to ascending again theme. It can be inferred that the person in the poem does good, but falls into sin, yet does good again and is eventually saved. Again, the third stanza addresses the sin of man: â€Å"My tender age in sorrow did begin: / And still with sickness and shame / Thou didst so punish sin, / That I became / Most thin† (11-14). Here, man discusses how God has punished him for his sins. When man sinned early on he was punished with sickness. Not only did God take away his wealth, but he also became sick, causing man to become â€Å"thin†. However, by stanza four, man hopes for redemption. Herbert writes: â€Å"With thee / Let me combine, / And feel this day thy victory, / For, if I imp my wing on thine, / Affliction shall advance the flight in me† (16-20). Here, Man wants God to become a part of him. As the word imp implies, man wants to attach himself to God so God can see how he is now devoted to him. Man speaks of attaching himself (imp) to the wing of God as a means of flying back towards being saved. Man will be taken under Gods wing and will be guided towards the path of righteousness. By doing this, man takes into account all the suffering that he has endured as a result of being punished for his sins. By reaffirming his devoutness to God, man hopes to redeem himself. In the poem, the words are not the only things that provide meaning. The poems shape also gives meaning. Although the language itself describes the sins and redemption of man, the shape of the poem is what really describes what is being said. As man’s destruction is described, the poem’s line lengths become smaller, and as man’s salvation is described, the line lengths become longer. This is what gives the image of two sets of wings, which symbolize man’s fall and eventual redemption towards the end of the poem. Here, the metaphysical conceit suggests that the wings are the actual salvation of man. The wings are being compared to a human characteristic, salvation. By recognizing his sins, man realizes that the only way he will be forgiven is if he goes towards salvation. It can be inferred that the message of this poem is to be grateful for what you have because it can be taken way in a blink of an eye. However, with repentance and devotion to God, you will be forgiven. In summation, Herbert’s use of architectural styles is what helps a reader generate the poems meaning. In almost all of his poems, Herbert’s use of architecture helps aid him in exhibiting the larger meaning. Usually, his ending message is that people must sacrifice what they have if they want a better, blessed life.

Developing the price policy for a Bike

Developing the price policy for a Bike Introduction Among the four P’s of marketing, pricing is probably among the most important. Its importance is best represented by the fact that pricing generates an organization’s turnover (Ranganathan 2001, p. 1). However, developing a sound pricing policy is not an easy process because pricing must reflect the supply and demand relationship of the product in question. Indeed, pricing a product too high or too low could lead to significant losses for the organization because it could put off customers or not match up to the market dynamics (Ferrell 2010).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Developing the price policy for a Bike specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is no shortfall to the number of companies which have made unsuccessful attempts at developing poor pricing policies. For example, the pricing policy adopted by Honda Civic was largely unsuccessful because the company realized significant loss es from its pricing strategy (Ferrell 2010). The company has since been trying to reinvent itself. This paper recognizes the pitfalls in developing a sound pricing policy and from this awareness; it seeks to develop a sound pricing policy for a bike. To achieve this objective, several factors will be considered. First, this paper analyzes the general conditions for the product. Specifically, the target market will be analyzed to expose the unique characteristics of the product (viz-a-viz the pricing policy). In addition, this paper highlights the different kinds of studies that ought to be undertaken before developing the final pricing policy. Alongside this goal will be identifying the objectives of the pricing strategy. It is only until these elements are effectively explained that the pricing strategy will be unveiled. To explain the criterion for developing the pricing policy, calculations will be given to show how the price of the product was arrived at. Finally, information ab out the long-term and short-term lower price limits will be given. General Conditions for the Product Already, we have established that this paper focuses on a bike as the chosen product for developing an effective pricing policy. The bike in focus will be a mountain bike which is specifically designed for hiking and other recreational activities. The product’s image will be designed to appeal to a young target market that is enthusiastic about technology and convenience. This perception is expected to be created from the product’s image which will be relied on to communicate a reliable piece of art which will withstand the most treacherous terrains. The product’s image will therefore be expected to communicate the message that the bike can be used in the rockiest and steepest terrains without being damaged. A range of colors and sizes will also be offered to appeal to different segments of the target market.Advertising Looking for essay on business eco nomics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Based on the functions of the bike, the target market will be comprised of people between the age of 12 and 30. This population group is perceived to have a higher inclination of engaging in recreational activities like mountaineering or hiking (Young 2011). However, the target market also includes other institutions that engage in the primary functions of the bike. For example, different organizations hire bicycles to different bike enthusiasts and similarly, different organizations provide their employees with bicycles during team recreational activities and other team-building activities. Indeed, organizations such as hotels, tour companies (and the likes) hire bicycles to tourists and other people who would want to explore nature (on bikes). Similarly, almost every organization today engages in team building activities as a way to motivate employees in their workplace (and improve employee cohesion). These target groups are amalgamated with individual customers to constitute a wider target group. Studies to be Undertaken before developing the Pricing Policy As observed in earlier sections of this paper, pricing policies are very crucial to the success of a product. Developing effective pricing policies is perceived by many people as a gruesome process that needs to take into account different dynamics of a company’s product and market (Young 2011). Different aspects of the company’s goals (and the market) therefore need to be considered in critical detail. Therefore, the first study that needs to be done before an effective price policy is introduced involves the determination of the company’s pricing goals. These goals may vary among organizations but they may include realizing short-term or long-term profits or even stabilizing the prices of the company’s products (Kardes 2004). Other companies may have different goals such as im proving their profitability or effectively managing the competitive pressure from other products. Paul (2008) explains that even when undertaking such a study, it is important for experts to factor the current market conditions because the pricing policies need to be conducive to the current market conditions. The study of the current market conditions therefore constitutes the second base to be covered in the formulation of an effective pricing policy. The third study that needs to be undertaken is the determination of the current competitive environment. Competition is a crucial component in the process of formulating pricing policies because aggressive competitive forces are known to erode the strengths of effective pricing policies (Kardes 2004).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Developing the price policy for a Bike specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Similarly, a weak competitive environment can revamp a weak pric ing policy. The final pricing policy therefore needs to be cognizant of the current competitive environment and preferably, the pricing level needs to be lower than the competitors’ (Encyclopedia of Management 2006, p. 7). The fourth study that needs to be done involves the ascertainment of production costs. In layman’s terms, this is the final cost of production. However, when undertaking the study, it is important to consider different aspects of production costs (including intangible costs). These costs normally vary among different companies but regarding the production of the mountain bikes, the most notable costs will be labor costs, material costs, transportation costs and assembly costs. These costs mainly describe the primary costs associated with the production or manufacture of the mountain bikes. Secondary costs associated with the production of the mountain bikes include administrative costs, inflation costs (among others). The study is therefore aimed at ascertaining all these costs to arrive at a profitable price that will be able to cover all the production costs and still allow the company to make a profit. The final study that needs to be done centers on the customers’ market power. This study is closely linked to the market survey. However, its uniqueness lies in focusing on the customers as opposed to other market forces. Indeed, markets are often segmented, based on different market parameters such as income levels, consumer tastes, preferences (and the likes). The process of pricing formulation therefore needs to take into account the customer dynamics of the market because it would be fruitless if a high-end pricing policy is implemented on a low-end market segment (Encyclopedia of Management 2006, p. 8). Objectives of the Pricing strategy As explained in earlier section of this paper, it is crucial for a company to establish what it intends to achieve from its pricing policy. Regarding the context of this paper, the main aim of the pricing strategy will be to achieve significant success during the introduction of the company’s product (mountain bikes). This objective is informed by the fact that there is a lot of competitive pressure in the mountain bike market segment and every company intends to have a significant share of the existing market. In fact, companies which are already active in the market intend to increase their market share and edge out weak products. The pricing strategy identified in this paper will therefore be aimed at addressing the above concerns.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Calculation of the Price HERKULES (2011) explains that there are different methodologies that can be used to ascertain a product’s price. Mainly, he identifies three methodologies including cost-based pricing, competition-based pricing and customer-based pricing (HERKULES 2011, p. 11). Based on the objectives of our pricing strategy, this paper will use the competition-based pricing model. The main advantage of the competition-based pricing model is the keen focus on the industry’s dynamics (competitive activities and company activities). Indeed, by knowing competitor activities, it is very easy to develop an effective and competitive pricing strategy. Existing and emerging competition will also be keenly analyzed in this pricing strategy including how to increase the prices by providing additional value (that the competitors do not offer). The pricing strategy discussed below is aimed at designing the pricing policy so that it can effectively increase the customer bas e. The Government of Alberta (2012) describes this pricing strategy as a market penetration strategy. Nonetheless, this pricing strategy will be aimed at attracting customers from the competition and creating a new market share. Bowie (2012) explains that most companies which adopt this market strategy tend to lower their prices so that they seem more pocket-friendly to the customers. In vibrant markets, such market strategies are expected to yield a high profit in the short-term because customers in such markets tend to be very flexible and responsive to price changes. In detail, the cost of buying all the accessories for building the bike is expected to cost 40 Euros. This is the primary cost associated with buying and delivering all the components used to assemble the bicycle. Assembly costs are expected to add an additional 5 Euros to the cost of the bicycle. Therefore, the completed bicycle will cost 45 Euros. All other costs associated with marketing and delivery of the bicycl es to the final buyer is also expected to add an additional 5 Euros. Therefore the selling price for the bicycle is expected to be 50 Euros. From the study undertaken to assess the prices of the competition, we realized that the competitive prices in the market ranged between 45 Euros and 55 Euros. This price range appeals to all market segments. Considering the competitive prices, our pricing strategy intends to include 5 Euros to the existing cost of selling the bike as a component of the ‘value addition’ strategy. The value addition cost is directly attributed to after-sale services which are expected to be offered for all the bicycles sold. All customers will therefore be entitled to a free after-sale service for all bicycles bought (within the first year of purchase). All repair costs incurred after the one year period will therefore be done at the customer’s expense. This value addition cost is expected to be the selling point for this price policy. Concise ly, the free after-sale service justifies the additional 5 Euros added to the cost of the bicycle. Furthermore, the customer’s cannot compare the additional five Euros they will pay (as additional cost) with the cost of undertaking repairs (from their pockets). Justifiably, this pricing policy is therefore expected to work and draw in many customers from the competition. The market survey also shows that few competitors offer after-sale services. Finally, including the profit margin will add another 5 Euros to the cost of the bicycle. Correctly, the final price of the bike will be 60 Euros. The calculations are as follows: Cost of inputs 40 Euros Assembly costs 5 Euros Transportation and marketing costs 5 Euros After sale service cost 5 Euros Profit 5 Euros Total 60 Euros Other companies have used the above pricing strategy with tremendous success. Perhaps the most notable company to adopt this pricing strategy is Apple Inc. (Rosenbloom 2011, p. 337). Compared to its competitor’s prices, Apple’s prices are perceived to be abnormally high. However, the company has witnessed a consistent growth in its sales. In fact, the company’s former CEO, Steve Jobs, is globally celebrated to have steered the company to new heights of success (Rosenbloom 2011, p. 337). Ironically, the company’s prices are still high. Kunz (2010) analyzes this phenomenon and concludes that Apple’s success thrives on a pricing game. He further explains that the company prices its products high enough for the customers to believe that they have a good product (of high quality). His argument is that consumers are very poor at evaluating products and they do not know which criterion to use to establish whether they have a quality product or not (Kunz 2010). Since they have this dilemma, they blindly use the pricing strategy to determine whether they have a good product or not. The common belief among customers therefore is that a good qual ity product should be expensive. According to Kunz (2010) this perception has created the belief that Apple’s products are superior to their competitors. This paper therefore proposes the high-end pricing strategy as a basis for its future success. This pricing policy is closely similar to Apple’s, except for the fact that there is a good value creation attached to it. Obviously, the customers would see that the bikes are priced slightly higher than the competitors but the fact that they would get more value for paying a premium is expected to be the main selling point for this pricing policy. Long-term and the Short-term Lower Price Limits Potter (2004) explains that when formulating a pricing policy, it is important to consider the long-term and short-term implications of the pricing policy. There are different pricing strategies identified in this study but research shows that identifying the right pricing strategy is often a tricky affair (Besanko 2009). This paper has already cited the fact that a poor pricing strategy can potentially be disastrous for a business. Many markets have however witnessed the intrigues of lower price limits as a strategy adopted by some companies (especially) as they try to increase their market share (Besanko 2009). Lower price limits are sometimes perceived to be illegal in some countries because some manufacturers do not play fair by setting their lower price limits below the cost of production (McGuigan 2010). Often, this strategy is adopted by businesses that intend to limit the threat to entry. Therefore, when new businesses intend to enter such markets, they have to price their products at ridiculously low prices. Such prices are often unviable in the long-term. Focusing on the context of this study, we can agree that the lower price limit for the bike would include all the costs of production (without after sale services costs or any profit margins). From the calculations cited above, the lower price limit would be 50 Euros. This price is derived by adding the cost of inputs, assembly costs and transportation and marketing costs. However, since businesses have to analyze their sustainability, the low price limits have a strong business implication in the long-term and short-term. In the short-term, it would be obviously impossible to make a profit because selling the bikes at 50 Euros would imply that only the initial costs of production will be recovered. In the market, such a pricing strategy would increase sales and consequently increase the market share (McGuigan 2010). However, only the customers would be benefitting from the low price limit but the business would be suffering. The product will also gain popularity through such a business strategy because the sales volumes are expected to be high (since customers will be attracted by the low prices) (McDonald 2011). Such a situation is however likely to pose a problem for the viability of the business in the long-term. Indeed, i n the long-term, the business will not be able to make any profits. The business will also not be able to grow because there will be no profits to invest back into the business (Smagalla 2004, p. 9). Essentially, there would be no point of staying in the market longer because there will be no point of doing business because the whole notion of doing business is to make a profit. The low price limit does not allow for profit making and therefore the business will have to shut-down eventually (Boone 2011, p. 662). Ideally, it would be advisable to price the bikes at a few Euros more than the low price limit so that the business can make a profit and consequently grow. Depending on the competitive prices, the business will be able to grow and probably improve its service provision or venture into new markets. Such an eventuality is however impossible in the short-term. Only until the business is able to make a profit (for a prolonged period of time) can it be able to grow and possibly venture into new markets (Meyvis 2004). Conclusion After weighing the findings of this paper, we can agree that establishing the right pricing strategy for a new product is often tricky. Indeed, many companies have posted losses because of poor price policies while others have closed down from the same. Different factors have been explained as crucial to the formulation of the pricing policy. Specifically, competitor analysis, market analysis, cost analysis and customer analysis have been cited to be crucial to the formulation of pricing policies. This paper proposes an ambitious price policy which is based on a high-end pricing strategy aimed at delivering quality services for less money (from a long-term perspective). The preferred product is therefore expected to be sold slightly more expensive than the competitors but still, the price is not very far from the competitors’. A sustainable level of success is therefore expected. References Besanko, D 2009, Economics of Strat egy, John Wiley Sons, London. Boone, L 2011, Contemporary Marketing, Cengage Learning, London. Bowie, D 2012, Hospitality Marketing, CRC Press, London. Encyclopedia of Management 2006, Pricing Policy and Strategy, enotes.com/pricing-policy-strategy-reference/pricing-policy-strategy Ferrell, O 2010, Marketing Strategy, Cengage Learning, London. Government of Alberta 2012, Methods to Price Your Products, http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/agdex1133 HERKULES 2011, Product cost calculations , http://herkules.oulu.fi/isbn9514264509/html/c953.html Kardes, F 2004, ‘The Role of Selective Information Processing in Price-Quality Inference’, Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 31 no. 2, pp. 36-47. Kunz, B 2010, How Apple plays the pricing game, msnbc.msn.com/id/38980367/ns/business-us_business/t/how-apple-plays-pricing-game/#.T9tVInpqB70 McDonald, M 2011, Marketing Plans: How to Prepare Them, How to Use Them, John Wiley Sons, London. McGuigan, J 2010, Manage rial Economics, Cengage Learning, London. Meyvis, T 2004, ‘When Are Broader Brands Stronger Brands? An Accessibility Perspective on the Success of Brand Extensions’, Journal of Consumer Research, vol. 31 no. 2, pp. 34-65. Paul, J 2008, International Marketing: Text And Cases, Tata McGraw-Hill, London. Potter, D 2004, ‘Confronting Low-End Competition’, MIT Sloan Management Review, vol. 45 no. 4, pp. 73-9. Ranganathan, R 2001, Pricing Policy In Marketing, slideshare.net/rohitr6/pricing-policy1 Rosenbloom, B 2011, Marketing Channels, Cengage Learning, London. Smagalla, D 2004, ‘Does Promotion Pricing Grow Future Business?’, MIT Sloan Management Review, vol.45 no. 4, p. 9. Young, E 2011, Principles of Marketing, Rex Bookstore, Inc., New York.

WISNIEWSKI - Surname Meaning and Origin

WISNIEWSKI - Surname Meaning and Origin The Polish surname Wisniewski is generally a geographical surname deriving  from the place of origin of the original bearer, indicating a man who originally came from one of dozens of Polish villages named Wisniewo or Wisniew. The name roughly translates to town with a cherry tree, from the root wisznia, meaning cherry tree. WiÅ›niewski is the 3rd most common surname in Poland. WiÅ›niewska is the feminine version of the surname. Surname Origin:  Polish Alternate Surname Spellings: WISNIEWSKI, WISNIOWSKI, WISNIOWOLSKI Where do People with the Surname WISNIEWSKI Live? According to WorldNames publicprofiler, individuals with the last name Wisniewski are found in the greatest numbers in Poland, followed by the United States, Germany and Australia. The largest number of individuals named Wisniewski are found in northern Poland, especially the voivodeships (provinces)  of Kujawsko-Pomorskie,  Warminsko-Marzurskie,  Mazowieckie, Zachodniopomorski and Pomorskie.  The Polish-specific surname distribution map on moikrewni.pl identifies surname population at the district level, identifying over 52,000 people with the WiÅ›niewski surname living in Poland, most living in ToruÅ„, Ã… Ãƒ ³dÃ… º, Bydgoszcz, GdaÅ„sk, PoznaÅ„, InowrocÅ‚aw, Szczecin, Brodnica and Plock. Famous People with the Surname WISNIEWSKI James Wisniewski - American professional ice hockey playerMichaÅ‚ Krystian WiÅ›niewski - Polish pop singerDavid Wisniewski - English-born childrens authorJanusz Leon Wisniewski - Polish author Genealogy Resources for the Surname WISNIEWSKI WISNIEWSKI Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Wisniewski surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Wisniewski surname query. FamilySearch - WISNIEWSKI GenealogyAccess over 250,000 free historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Wisniewski surname and its variations on this free genealogy website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. DistantCousin.com - WISNIEWSKI Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Wisniewski. WISNIEWSKI Surname Family Mailing ListRootsWeb hosts a free mailing list for researchers of the Wisniewski surname.   The Wisniewski Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Polish surname Wisniewski from the website of Genealogy Today. Polish Genealogy Databases OnlineSearch for information on Wisniewski ancestors in this collection of Polish genealogy databases and indexes from Poland, the United States and other countries. Looking for the meaning of a given name? Check out First Name Meanings Cant find your last name listed? Suggest a surname to be added to the Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Bergenfield, NJ: Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia.  Bergenfield, NJ:  Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. Hoffman, William F. Polish Surnames: Origins and Meanings.  Chicago:  Polish Genealogical Society, 1993. Rymut, Kazimierz. Nazwiska Polakow.  Wroclaw: Zaklad Narodowy im. Ossolinskich - Wydawnictwo, 1991. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back to Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Developing an Implementation Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Developing an Implementation Plan - Essay Example Also, in order to attract support from staff members, lobbying will be applied as necessary. Description of the Current Problem Requiring Change People have used exercise in as a measure against coronary heart disease. However how effective exercise is in reducing the risk of suffering coronary heart disease is still at question? Exercise has been known to be an important component in the well-being of any individual. Most studies have suggested that exercise is very crucial in the prevention of most life’s problems and keeping the body in its optimal condition. Despite its eminent benefits, exercise can be detrimental if done wrongly. However, in cases of cardiovascular disease, controversies have risen on the amount of exercise required to prevent this risk and treat patients with this condition. The current United States guidelines recommend that adults should seek at least moderate-level exercise for more than or equal to 150 minutes per week, that is, 30 minutes in a day for five days in a week. Though this is the recommended time to achieve the best from exercise, several studies have suggested different times for performing exercise. Thus, the change proposed is that it must be ensured that the individual gets optimal exercise depended on the severity of the problem, age, and gender. For instance, a study found that brisk walking more than ten blocks away in a day reduced the risk of cardiovascular disease in women. It is also suggested that different forms of exercise should be adopted for various people. Detailed Explanation of the Proposed Solution Optimal exercise activity is crucial for the well-being of any individual. However, not at all times will the recommended time for exercise work for individuals. Most individuals are of the notion that exercise should be intense to obtain the best from the exercise. However, this is not true in all cases and thus the notion should be disregarded. In the case of patients with cardiovascular disease, t he severity of the condition, age, and gender will determine the amount of exercise to be done by the individual. Thus, this statement defeats the notion that exercise should at least be done for 30 minutes in a day for five days in a week. In this sense, the individual should exercise based on the severity of their condition, age, and gender. What this means is that every patient suffering from coronary should not be subjected to over exercise. Performing strenuous exercises may result in greater damage than good as stated by different experts. In a bid to establish the extent to which exercise can be useful to coronary heart disease patients, a survey will be conducted. The survey will seek to establish the kinds of exercises that the patients do regularly and how long they engage in the activities. Furthermore, the survey will seek to establish how they feel after the exercises and the notable health benefits that they gain thereafter. The respondents will comprise patients suffe ring from coronary heart disease, individuals of either gender randomly drawn from the hospital’s population. In addition to conducting a survey, interviews will be conducted with respondents being health experts directly dealing with the patients. The interviews will involve asking the respondents about the effects of exercise that patients undertake with due respect to the extent of the activity. Essentially, the study will help in

Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis Essay

Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis - Essay Example Significantly, a variety of monastic traditions have contributed to the growth of the religious life within the Catholic Church. The regulation of monasticism was mainly carried out by the various religious rules such as the Rule of St Basil and the Rule of St Benedict in the early periods of monasticism and these rules were strictly observed by the monks. However, the Church laws of different denominations began to regulate monasticism in the later periods and there was a great change in the attitude towards these religious rules. The selections from the Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis as given in the textbook provide an important illustration of the monastic traditions of different periods in the Church history. In spite of their apparent differences, both of these texts make sense in the context of the monastic traditions of the different periods. A comparative analysis of these two texts explains how monasticism fits into the Christian tradition generally and t hese texts provide the most effective demonstrations of the religious rules of different monastic traditions. In an analysis of the selection from the Rule of St. Benedict, one comes to recognize the example of the monastic tradition of the early stages of monasticism.