Smoking And Smoking - Stop Smoking - 920 Words

Stop Smoking I. Attention A. Take a deep breath. Allow the fresh air into your healthy lungs and then exhale. Now, stand near a smoker. Take a deep breath. Allowed your lungs to take in the same amount of air as you did the first time, then exhale. Did you cough? When you took a deep breath next to the smoker, you breathed in the smoke from the cigarette. That smoke has the same harsh chemicals that are entering in your lungs. â€Å"Acetaldehyde is in tobacco smoke. Acetaldehyde is a hazardous air pollutant† (truth.com). B. Reason: â€Å"Every year, tobacco-related disease kills about 202,000 women in the US† (truth.com). Stop secondhand smoking, and help the world become healthier for everyone. C. My mother and oldest sister used to smoke and was able to stop cold turkey because they were pregnant. My boyfriend Seth still smokes at the age 20. I have done constant research to help Seth stop smoking. D. PROPOSITION: I am against smoking. Due to the health affects that come along with smoking. Also to help the people who do not smoke keep away from second hand smoking which can also causes smoke related problems. E. PREVIEW: Today I am going to inform you and help you make a decision that might help you and the people around you. So I am going to let you know what happens to a smoker’s body. What is second hand smoking. What the benefits are to smoker’s that stop smoking. II. NEED STEP A. Affects of smoking (SMOKEFREE.GOV) 1. Brain a. Addiction b. Nicotine 2. Head and face a.Show MoreRelatedSmoking Needs to Stop584 Words   |  2 Pagesto be removed from the world. Smoking is a terrible habit to start, and even though it can be hard to quit people should as soon as possible. People find it hard to quit after having a life time of smoking fueling their addiction. Their attempt to quit can only be made through heaps of difficulty and diligence. These people do not have to be alone in their struggle however. 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Health Promotion And Primary Health Care - 1537 Words

‘Health promotion and primary health care principles are integral to public health as they seek extensive solutions to problems that defy biological, genetic or biochemical solutions’ (Mittlemark, cited in Keleher 2001, p. 7). However, health inequalities are still prevalent across the public health sector which need to be addressed. Particularly, this paper will focus on the National Tobacco Campaign and how these principles are incorporated in the program and their success in addressing the health inequalities associated. Smoking is one of the largest leading causes of preventable death and disease in Australia and is also ‘responsible for more drug-related hospitalisations and deaths than alcohol and illicit drugs combined’ (Australian†¦show more content†¦Health promotion principles were developed to strengthen the skills and capabilities of individuals and to assist in lessening the impact of social, environmental, political and economic condit ions on individual and population health (Australian Health Promotion Association 2015). Additionally, the aim of health promotion is to support the health of all Australians as well as reducing health inequalities. ‘The Ottawa Charter encourages health professionals and governments not only to educate people about health matters but also to change the environments in which people live and to involve the community in projects to improve health’ (World Health Organisation 1986, np). For the promotion of health, from the framework in which the World Health Organisation’s Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion provides, five key action areas were developed and implemented. Of these five priority areas, the National Tobacco Campaign incorporates building healthy public policies, developing personal skills as well as reorienting health services. Building healthy public policies include approaches such as legislation, fiscal measures, taxation and organisational change which are essentially involved in ensuring safer and healthier goods and services, healthier public services and cleaner

Case Study Ringgold Pool and Patio Essay Example For Students

Case Study Ringgold Pool and Patio Essay Table of Contents Topic Page Introduction3 John Jr. ’s Plan3 Tools4 Cost and Profits4 Conclusion5 Exhibit 1: Project Scope Statement7 Figure 2: Approach to Project8 Figure 3: Revised Work Breakdown Structure9 Figure 4: Required Tools Breakdown10 Figure 5: Return of Investment (ROI) Calculations10 Figure 6: Net Present Value (NPV) for Next 5 Years10 Figure 7: Project Life Cycle (Effort vs. Time)11 Figure 8: Gantt Chart for Pool Installation11 Introduction Ringold’s Pool and Patio Supply is a small business specializing in above and below ground pools for home use. It is owned and operated by John Ringold, Sr. He recently hired his son, John Jr. , as the executive vice-president of operations and has tasked him with investigation the profitability of installing above ground pools. Twenty percent of the company’s sales are above ground pools and Ringold’s does not currently install these pools. John Jr. must research the costs that would be incurred by the company to install these pools and investigate at what price the company would have to charge for installation to make it worth the company’s time. Exhibit 1 is the Project Scope Statement for this project. It details what the deliverables are to John Sr. upon completion of this project. In the exhibits and figures are a life cycle diagram for this project and a Gantt Chart for the installation of the pool. The life cycle of this project is the most common type in terms of effort. At the beginning, effort is low as data is being defined by the scope of the project. As the project progresses there is an increase in effort as research being done and data is actively collected. The final stage when effort tapers off is when the information is being organized into a coherent presentation. John Jr. ’s Plan John, Jr. has already conducted a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for the installation of a pool. Based off of this data, a pool would have to be constructed over a period of two days. The first day will include the preparation, laying the pool frame out, adding the plastic liner, and assembling the pool. The second day will be for building the wooden support and filling and testing the pool. This avoids exceeding the eight hour work day and adding of extra costs in overtime. However, these times are nominal and do not reflect the actual time that it would take to install the pool. John Jr. did not take into account basic human behavior. To correct his WBS and make it reflect the more likely timeline, I have added 12% to the times that John Jr. has estimated. This brings the total time to 13. 8 hours. This revised schedule is demonstrated in the WBS shown in Figure 3. In this WBS, the total times for each major step have been adjusted for the 12% increase. This was not done in the sub-steps because the times were much smaller, making the 12% increase a matter of minutes and seconds. When reconstructing this WBS, the amount of time needed to gather items for installation was not considered significant so it was left out of the timeline. Also, the post-installation cleanup and trash removal was not factored in. If this time is significant, it could add to the cost of labor. However, our analysis did not include it. Tools In John Jr. ’s plan, he did not take into account the costs that would be incurred to stand up a department or section of the company that will install the pools. The company will have to purchase tools and equipment for employees to use. .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 , .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 .postImageUrl , .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 , .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42:hover , .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42:visited , .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42:active { border:0!important; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42:active , .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42 .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u566fe000a1fe4ea5eba077ce27ed9b42:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: More money is spent executing humans than keeping EssayThe basic tools required for the installation of a pool will be purchased once the decision is made to go into the installation business. To provide for flexibility and the ability to install multiple pools on the same day, four sets of tools and supplies will be maintained at Ringold’s. It is expected that two sets will be replaced every year, making the lifespan of one set of tools two years. This tool breakdown is listed in Figure 4. The initial payout will be $1,000 to purchase all of the supplies. After that, the company can expect to pay out approximately $500 each year to replace equipment. Given 3% for inflation and averaging it out over a five year period, this puts the Net Present Worth of cost of all of the equipment at $3,719. At an average of one pool installation per week, this amounts to $45. 20 for equipment per pool for that five year period. Costs and Profits Together with the revised cost of labor, the total cost of installing an above ground pool comes to $252. 34. In order to make this investment profitable, a Return of Investment (ROI) of 50% would be acceptable. In order to do this, the company would have to charge $378. 1(Figure 5). Companies that specialize in assembling pools generally charge around $350 for installation. If Ringold’s were to charge the standard $350, this would yield a ROI of 38. 7% (Figure 5). At the profit of $97. 66 per pool, over a period of 5 years at a rate of one pool per week this yields a NPW of $8,874. 75 (Figure 6). Conclusion To maintain prices at a competitive level, installing the pools would yield a small profit . As the price of the installation goes up, customers are going to be convinced to go elsewhere for business. Since it can be estimated that most people hire installers at the same place they buy the pools, this may affect sales of above ground pools at Ringold’s. My recommendation to John Sr. is based on a couple of variables. If the pools are competitively priced so that the he can charge the $378 for installation and still keep the overall cost low for the consumer, it may be profitable to do so. However, based on the analysis of the installation alone, it is not advisable to Ringold’s to invest in installation of above ground pools. Project Scope This project will determine the profitability of installing above ground pools by Ringold’s Pool and Patio Supply. We will research the costs that will be incurred by the company that will not be paid by the customer. Once the costs have been accurately determined, we will generate a couple of different scenarios where the Return of Investment will be 50% or greater, which we have determined to be an acceptable ROI. By the completion of this project we will deliver a recommendation to John Ringold, Sr. on what we confidently feel is the best course of action. The two options are to begin installing the pools or to continue to allow outside agencies to do this. Exhibit 1: Project Scope Figure 2: Approach to Project Work Tasks| Labor Hours| Estimated Total| 1. Prepare ground surface| | 3 hours| -Clear| 1 hour| | -Rake| 20 min| | -Level| 1 hour| | -Sand Botom| 20 min| | 2. Lay out pool frame| | 2. 8 hours| -Bottom ring| 1 hour| | -Side panels| 30 min| | -Top ring| 1 hour| | 3. Add plastic liner| | ~34 minutes| 4. Assemble pool| | 1. 86 hours| 5. Build wooden support| | 3. 36 hours| -Layout| 1 hour| | Assemble| 2 hours| | 6. Fill and Test| | 2. 24 hours| TOTAL| | 13. 8 hours| Figure 3. Revised Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) TOOLS| COST PER| TOTAL COST (4 sets)| Wheelbarrow| $110| $440| Rake| $26| $104| Shovel| $15| $60| Hammer| $30| $120| Screwdriver set| $20| $80| 3 Rolls of duct tape| $24| $96| Tape measure| $25| $100| TOTALS| $250| $1,000| Figure 4: Required Tools Breakdown ROI 50%=(Income – $252. 34)/$252. 34 Income= $378. 51 ROI=( $350 – $252. 34)/$252. 34 ROI=38. 8% Figure 5: Return of Investment (ROI) Calculations For $378. 1 NPV=126. 17(P/A, 3%, 260)=$11,465. 57 For $350 NPV=97. 66(P/A, 3%, 260)=$8,874. 75 Figure 6: Net Present Value (NPV) for Next 5 Years Figure 7: Project Life Cycle (Effort vs. Time) Task NameDur Start FinishPredecessor Prepare Ground Surface3hMon 6/7/10Mon 6/7/10 Lay Out Pool Frame2. 8hMon 6/7/10Mon 6/7/101 Add Plastic Liner0. 5hMon 6/7/10Mon 6/7/102 Assemble Pool1. 7hMon 6/7/10Mon 6/7/103 Build Wooden Support3. 36hTue 6/8/10Tue 6/8/104 Fill and Test2. 24hTue 6/8/10Tue 6/8/105 Figure 8: Gantt Chart for Pool Installation

The Development at Bakers Bay Club and Their Effect to Maine

Introduction Man’s activities on earth have seen destruction of environment in several ways. For example, the approval for construction of a golf course in Bahamas saw the destruction of aquatic environment to a large scale. This approval occurred without proper consultation on the dangers it will pose to the Maine ecosystem.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Development at Bakers Bay Club and Their Effect to Maine-Ecosystem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The government of Bahamas mandated Discover Land Company from California to erect a 400-homesite and 75-villa style rental rooms for tourism resort purposes. Additionally, the company was to develop a 180-slip yachting marina, and an 18-hole championship golf course leading to total destruction of aquatic environment. (Klein, 1999, p. 1, 7). Among the negative effects from this developments, would be thrice increase in population along the al ready congested six-mile island. On the other hand, the new yachting marina will consume a lot of space to become the biggest in Bahamas. In a more terrifying note, and perhaps a threat to Maine ecosystem, the government of Bahamas approved this development to be located close to the shoreline, which consisted of a mangrove system and healthy coral reefs. Although the Discover Land Company had to use modern infrastructure equipments to cater for this frail ecological system, the destruction outweighed the ecological importance of the ecosystem. (Save Guana Cay Reef, 2009, Para. 1). Vision of Baker’s Bay Club Development However, as an act of defense, the Discover Land Company, the developer, outlined various conservation measures aimed at protecting the fragile ecosystem. For example, these developers allocated a piece of land for conserving natural habitats. Additionally, they provided a detailed plan for solid waste processing within the ecosystem. They also outlined a conv incing plan about communal access areas including public beaches and meeting places. Furthermore, the Company entailed a plan to preserve 92 acres of land, which will encompass mangrove ecosystem and another 60-acre land to act as a coastal buffer zone.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In order to avoid pollution into water-catchment areas, the golf course will have wastewater gardens and sewage treatment facilities. Imaginatively, the classy housing plan gave beautiful scenery on how houses will form a beautiful landscape within a lawn, which convinced the government of Bahamas. (Sullivan-Sealey, Cushion, Semon, Constantine, 2005, pp. 1-2). On the other hand, the government aimed creating plant diversity zone and attracts wildlife for tourism purposes. Critically, the developer’s plans composed both long-term and short-term environmental collisions conside ring the fact that, the development was bound to take place on a huge land scale conversion. The truth of the matter is that, this was a British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) project and not a government initiated development. Therefore, Bahamas citizens were bound to suffer most as developers had business mind, which has nothing to do with environmental protection. In particular, there were four areas of concern. Firstly, there was a high probability that, this project will cause chronic eutrophication to communities living near the marine shore. Secondly, there was substantive evidence that, the wetlands will cease to exist in entirety. Thirdly, contrary to the existing natural biological diversity that acted as home to wildlife, the development was to discourage wildlife and lead to ecological imbalance. Lastly, the development will see further discouragement of marine species cohabiting within the ecosystem. (Sullivan-Sealey, Cushion, Semon, Constantine, 2005, p.3). Environmen tal Status of Guana Cay Reef Previous developments at the Guana Cay Reef had already caused some serious environmental impacts through the construction of cruise ship resort. This led to destruction of the marine ecosystem of the coral reef even without realization. For example, any further development will increase dumping; alien plants take place of native vegetation, and finally, erosion take place. Clearly, there has been no proper stewardship of the site so important to the surrounding species and at the same time, acting as home to other species. Due to warring court cases, the BBC abandoned Baker’s Bay Club development comprising of hazardous materials and dangerous infrastructure, which require urgent attention and mitigation. As a matter of urgency, the newly introduced alien plants in the coral reef and new insects that continue to destroy natural fauna and flora of the marine ecosystem. This is the main reason why, the government of Bahamas need to move in swiftly and reclaim the place. (Dubinsky Stambler, 1996, pp. 511-526).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Development at Bakers Bay Club and Their Effect to Maine-Ecosystem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Save Guana Cay Reef Association (SGCR) For along period now, the island has lacked stewardship after the BBC abandoned further development courtesy of a series of court cases, both in Bahamas and Britain. To induce some leadership into the facility, a faction of Guan Cay residents decided to join hands and address this environmental situation. The group, Save Guan Cay Reef Association (SGCR), sought to handle economic, social and environmental issues that engulfed the whole process of Baker’s Bay club development. The development had led to serious destruction of this marine ecosystem leaving many to ask questions without answers. Nobody seems to understand the intention of both the developer and the Bahamas government. The problem has escalated into a fight between SGCR and the Bahamas government, which mandated the development of the marine ecosystem to BBC. For six years now, the issue has overridden Bahamas and British courts, while the media continue to air its latest development. At one point, the SGCR has tried to convince courts that, the government did not consult properly and that, the developer might have lied in order to get the contract. Nevertheless, the case ended in November 2009 when the chosen hearing authority-Privy Council, decided to rule contrary to SGCR demands. (Save Guana Cay Reef, 2009, Para. 2-4). Coincidentally, the partnership between the University of Miami and Baker’s Bay Club on environmental conservation of the Marine ecosystem came to a standstill in 2009. Nevertheless, marine biologists from the University of Miami headed by Dr. Kathleen Sullian-Sealey provided a case study on the impacts of such developments to Maine ecosystem. Impact of Baker’s Bay Club Development on the Ecosystem The government of Bahamas gave the mandate to develop Maine ecosystem on grounds of tourism. However, as it came out, the Bahamas government failed to consider serious impacts of such development to the ecosystem. According to scientists attending Abaco Science Alliance conference, the Bahamas government erred in mandating the development of Baker’s Bay club with no proper sustainable tourism measures. Launched in 2004, the Bahamas government mandated a developer to construct this project on private land near Guana Cay in the north of Bahamas. However, the project is yet to reach completion due to the recent global economic meltdown. Even so, some business opportunities opened last year (slip marina and adjacent village). The golf course is halfway complete with sewer and waste treatment facilities installed. (Larry, 2010, Para. 1-5).Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Environmental conservation was the primary concern of the residents living nearby. Therefore, the developer chose University of Miami to spearhead environmental conservation programs in order to help in mitigating already destroyed places, develop modalities of protecting the ecosystem and oversee the whole development process. The destruction of this ecosystem began in 2004 when the developer detached invasive species, put up infrastructure projects, brought native vegetation and coastal dunes that totaled to one million dollars and further ten million dollars for infrastructure and mitigation. The project entailed full professionals to manage the ecosystem professionally. This is why, the University of Miami landed the project aimed at drawing marine scientists into the site. In 2004, Dr. Kathleen became the principal environmental overseer at Baker’s Bay Club in Bahamas. Her main role was to oversee a balanced ecological ecosystem, which gave a glimpse of sustainable devel opment. Previously, she had noted how developers destroy an ecosystem knowingly or unknowingly. (Larry, 2010, Para. 6-13). However, for Baker’s Bay Club, there was initial ecological assessment before the real development took place. A team of scientist from Florida did inventory experiments, brought in native plants for landscaping, and took the natural plants to the island. Before and after the construction of marina, scientist took water samples to test whether it met Blue Flag Environmental standards (a body that is responsible for safety measures related to water and environment). To dismay, the developers had removed large amounts of debris and garbage from water to foster ship transport. Additionally, the developers destroyed casuarina tree species and killed wild cats cohabiting at the shoreline. The developers had caused more harm than good because of ignorance. (Larry, 2010, Para. 15-20). Conclusion Lack of environmental expertise in Bahamas saw the destruction of e cosystem in the name of constructing tourist resort Baker’s Bay club, which was not friendly to the surrounding inhabitants. Nevertheless, the development of Baker’s Bay club without proper environmental monitoring program saw large-scale destruction of Maine ecosystem. Baker’s Bay club development disseminates the channels to follow before doing any development especially in aquatic areas. We can create sustainable tourism through long-term planning, stabilization of shorelines, protecting biodiversity and producing clean energy in order to avoid pollution. These and many more procedural mechanisms act as long-term viabilities to anybody who wishes to carry our tourism projects. Moreover, mutual relationship with developers, environmentally minded policy makers and the general understanding of environment are fundamental to a sustainable environment. Reference List Dubinsky, Z. Stambler, N. (1996). Marine pollution and coral reefs. Global Change Biology, 2(1), 511-526. Klein, R. (1999). Protecting the Aquatic Environment from the Effects of Golf Courses. Web. Larry, S. (2010). The First Case Study in Sustainable Tourism. Web. Save Guana Cay Reef. (2009). Say NO to the Development on the North End of Guan Bay, Abaco, Bahamas! Web. Sullivan-Sealey, K., Cushion, N., Semon, K. Constantine, S. (2005). Environmental Management Program for Baker’s Bay Club. Great Guana Cay, Abaco, Bahamas. University of Miami. Web. This research paper on The Development at Bakers Bay Club and Their Effect to Maine-Ecosystem was written and submitted by user Theodore S. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.